{"id":3568,"date":"2025-10-05T21:55:41","date_gmt":"2025-10-05T18:55:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ga0ab3892m.wpdns.site\/?p=3568"},"modified":"2025-10-05T22:07:50","modified_gmt":"2025-10-05T19:07:50","slug":"the-ultra-vires-doctrine-in-company-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/the-ultra-vires-doctrine-in-company-law\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a4\u03bf \u0394\u03cc\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u00abultra vires\u00bb \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0394\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u03a4\u03bf \u03b4\u03cc\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 ultra vires \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 Ashbury Railway Carriage and Iron Co Ltd v Riche (1875). \u0397 \u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 ultra vires \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u00ab=\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u00bb \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0388\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. (1)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae ultra vires \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2. (2)<\/strong>\u00a0 \u039c\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03cc\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 ultra vires \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2. (3)<\/strong> \u039c\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b7 \u0395\u0395 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u039f\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd 1\u03b7 \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039f\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u0395 68\/151\/\u0395\u039f\u039a, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u039f\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u0395 2019\/1151. (4)<\/strong> \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03c5\u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b1 \u039f\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03cc\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 ultra vires \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf. \u0397 \u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b1\u03c7\u03b7\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u2019 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. (5)<\/strong><\/p>\n

O \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03cc\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u00abultra vires\u00bb \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c4\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2. \u0391\u03c6\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, (6)<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c5\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf. \u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd. \u03a4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u00abultra vires\u00bb \u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5.<\/p>\n

\u0395\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b9, \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd. (7)<\/strong> \u0397 \u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 -\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf- \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03cc\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u00abultra vires\u00bb \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae. \u03a9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf -\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd- \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u00ab\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u00bb \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5. \u039c\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03cc\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u00abultra vires\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Commission v. Council (C-22\/70) – ERTA case.<\/li>\n
  2. \u03a0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd. Nicosia Palace Hotel Co Ltd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039b\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7 \u0397\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 2003 1 \u0392 \u0391.\u0391.\u0394. 722. https:\/\/www.cylii.org\/cy\/cases\/ad\/aad\/meros_1\/2003\/rep\/2003_1_0722.htm <\/cite>T.J.S. Enterprises Ltd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bd . \u039b\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u039a\u03c5\u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2) \u039b\u03c4\u03b4 (2005) 1 \u0391\u0391\u0394 108.<\/cite><\/li>\n
  3. \u0391\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b1\u03ba\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd. \u0393. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 1966 \u039b\u03c4\u03b4 (1990) 1 \u0391\u0391\u0394 673.<\/cite><\/li>\n
  4. http:\/\/data.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2019\/1151\/oj(http:\/\/data.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2019\/1151\/oj<\/a>)<\/span><\/cite><\/li>\n
  5. \n

    33\u0391.-(1) <\/span>\u0397 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8' \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2:<\/em><\/p>\n

    \u039d\u03bf\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03af: <\/em><\/p>\n

    \u039d\u03bf\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5.<\/em><\/p>\n

    (2) \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  6. \u039b\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u039a\u03c5\u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03a4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1 \u039b\u03c4\u03b4 \u03bd. \u039b\u03ac\u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03cc\u03c5 \u039b\u03c4\u03b4 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd 2009, 1 \u0391\u0391\u0394 479 https:\/\/www.cylaw.org\/cgi-bin\/open.pl?file=apofaseis\/aad\/meros_1\/2009\/rep\/2009_1_0479.htm&qstring=andandand2009<\/cite><\/li>\n
  7. \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u039d\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \u039a\u03b5\u03c6. 113 \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf 4(1\u0391) \u0391\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03b2) \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (1), \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9-<\/cite><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    (\u03b1) \u039d\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u00b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<\/p>\n

    (\u03b2) \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1, \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9:\n\u039d\u03bf\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03bf (1\u0391) \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n

    \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    \"\"\u039c\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b7 \u03a4\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u039d\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/em><\/p>\n

    mairi.tsiachmatioti@patsalides.com.cy
    \n<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    The ultra vires doctrine constitutes a fundamental principle of English company law, which historically finds its roots in the case of Ashbury Railway Carriage and Iron Co Ltd v Riche (1875). The phrase ultra vires means “beyond the powers” and, as such, cannot be monopolised exclusively in the field of company law. In legal science, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":2813,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3568","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3568","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3568"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3568\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3576,"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3568\/revisions\/3576"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2813"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3568"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3568"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.patsalides.com.cy\/gr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}